SQL Server数据字典的创建

July 12, 2021

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4207 words

###在SQL Server中快速生成某张表的数据字典

SELECT obj.name AS 表名,
col.colorder AS 序号 ,
col.name AS 列名 ,
ISNULL(ep.[value], '') AS 列说明 ,
t.name AS 数据类型 ,
col.length AS 长度 ,
ISNULL(COLUMNPROPERTY(col.id, col.name, 'Scale'), 0) AS 小数位数 ,
CASE WHEN COLUMNPROPERTY(col.id, col.name, 'IsIdentity') = 1 THEN '√'
ELSE ''
END AS 标识 ,
CASE WHEN EXISTS ( SELECT 1
FROM dbo.sysindexes si
INNER JOIN dbo.sysindexkeys sik ON si.id = sik.id
AND si.indid = sik.indid
INNER JOIN dbo.syscolumns sc ON sc.id = sik.id
AND sc.colid = sik.colid
INNER JOIN dbo.sysobjects so ON so.name = si.name
AND so.xtype = 'PK'
WHERE sc.id = col.id
AND sc.colid = col.colid ) THEN '√'
ELSE ''
END AS 主键 ,
CASE WHEN col.isnullable = 1 THEN '√'
ELSE ''
END AS 允许空 ,
ISNULL(comm.text, '') AS 默认值
FROM dbo.syscolumns col
LEFT JOIN dbo.systypes t ON col.xtype = t.xusertype
inner JOIN dbo.sysobjects obj ON col.id = obj.id
AND obj.xtype = 'U'
AND obj.status >= 0
LEFT JOIN dbo.syscomments comm ON col.cdefault = comm.id
LEFT JOIN sys.extended_properties ep ON col.id = ep.major_id
AND col.colid = ep.minor_id
AND ep.name = 'MS_Description'
LEFT JOIN sys.extended_properties epTwo ON obj.id = epTwo.major_id
AND epTwo.minor_id = 0
AND epTwo.name = 'MS_Description'
WHERE obj.name = '你的表名'
ORDER BY obj.name

###根据数据值，在SQL Server中查找其所在的表名列名

CREATE PROC sp_ValueSearch
@value sql_variant,  --要搜索的数据
@precision bit=1     --1=仅根据sql_variant中的数据类型查找对应类型的数据列.<>1,查询兼容的所有列,字符数据使用like匹配
AS
SET NOCOUNT ON
IF @value IS NULL RETURN
 
--数据类型处理
SELECT xtype INTO #t FROM systypes
WHERE name=SQL_VARIANT_PROPERTY(@value,N'BaseType')
 
--扩展数据类型及查询处理语句
DECLARE @sql nvarchar(4000),@sql1 nvarchar(4000)
IF @precision=1
    SET @sql=CASE SQL_VARIANT_PROPERTY(@value,N'BaseType')
        WHEN N'text' THEN N' LIKE N''%''+CAST(@value as varchar(8000))+''%'''
        WHEN N'ntext' THEN N' LIKE ''%''+CAST(@value as nvarchar(4000))+''%'''
        ELSE N'=@value' END
ELSE
BEGIN
    SET @sql=CAST(SQL_VARIANT_PROPERTY(@value,N'BaseType') as sysname)
    IF @sql LIKE N'%char' or @sql LIKE N'%text'
    BEGIN
        INSERT #t SELECT xtype FROM systypes
        WHERE name LIKE N'%char' or name LIKE N'%text'
        SELECT @sql=N' LIKE N''%''+CAST(@value as '
            +CASE 
                WHEN LEFT(@sql,1)=N'n' THEN ' nvarchar(4000)'
                ELSE 'varchar(8000)' END
            +N')+N''%'''
    END
    ELSE IF @sql LIKE N'%datetime'
    BEGIN
        INSERT #t SELECT xtype FROM systypes
        WHERE name LIKE N'%datetime'
        SET @sql=N'=@value'    
    END
    ELSE IF @sql LIKE N'%int' 
        OR @sql LIKE N'%money' 
        OR @sql IN(N'real',N'float',N'decimal',N'numeric')
    BEGIN
        INSERT #t SELECT xtype FROM systypes
        WHERE name LIKE N'%int' 
            OR name LIKE N'%money' 
            OR name IN(N'real',N'float',N'decimal')
        SET @sql=N'=@value'    
    END
    ELSE
        SET @sql=N'=@value'
END
--保存结果的临时表
CREATE TABLE #(TableName sysname,FieldName sysname,Type sysname,SQL nvarchar(4000))
 
DECLARE tb CURSOR LOCAL
FOR
SELECT N'SELECT * FROM '
    +QUOTENAME(USER_NAME(o.uid))
    +N'.'+QUOTENAME(o.name)
    +N' WHERE '+QUOTENAME(c.name)
    +@sql,
    N'INSERT # VALUES(N'+QUOTENAME(o.name,N'''')
    +N',N'+QUOTENAME(c.name,N'''')
    +N',N'+QUOTENAME(QUOTENAME(t.name)+CASE 
        WHEN t.name IN (N'decimal',N'numeric')
        THEN N'('+CAST(c.prec as varchar)+N','+CAST(c.scale as varchar)+N')'
        WHEN t.name=N'float'
            OR t.name like N'%char'
            OR t.name like N'%binary'
        THEN N'('+CAST(c.prec as varchar)+N')'
        ELSE N'' END,N'''')
    +N',@sql)'
FROM sysobjects o,syscolumns c,systypes t,#t tt
WHERE o.id=c.id
    AND c.xusertype=t.xusertype
    AND t.xtype=tt.xtype
    AND OBJECTPROPERTY(o.id,N'IsUserTable')=1
 
OPEN tb
FETCH tb INTO @sql,@sql1
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS=0
BEGIN
    SET @sql1=N'IF EXISTS('+@sql+N') '+@sql1
    EXEC sp_executesql @sql1,N'@value sql_variant,@sql nvarchar(4000)',@value,@sql
    FETCH tb INTO @sql,@sql1
END
CLOSE tb
DEALLOCATE tb
SELECT * FROM #

-----------执行-------------
exec sp_ValueSearch  '你的数据'

Last modification：August 1, 2021

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SQL Server数据字典的创建

Master • 2021 年 07 月 12 日